Challenges in designing, implementing and operating an environmental management system
指出当前环境管理系统（EMS）模型过于简化，缺乏对实际实施障碍的指导，讨论了理论与应用之间的差距及克服障碍的策略。
Introducing an effective environmental management system (EMS) to an organization is a complex process. This complexity is belied by current EMS models that concentrate on EMS frameworks and components, and present a relatively simple approach to the process, especially the introduction and implementation phases. While these models outline what should be introduced, they provide little guidance on how EMSs may be implemented. Experience indicates that effective EMS introduction may be adversely affected by a number of conditions, but EMS literature has yet to recognize these barriers. There is a significant gap between EMS theory and application. This paper discusses the degree to which current EMS models address practical EMS design and implementation, barriers to successful EMS introduction, strategies and tactics for overcoming these barriers and implications for EMS practice. Copyright © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment.