Determinants of Nonfarm Earnings of Farm‐Based Husbands and Wives in Northern Ghana
利用加纳北部农村调查数据，通过双变量Probit和Heckman方法，估计已婚夫妻非农就业参与、工资和劳动供给的决定因素，发现教育、基础设施、距离首都和人口密度的影响存在性别差异。
Abstract The nonfarm work participation decisions of married men and women in rural Northern Ghana were jointly and separately estimated for married couples through a bivariate probit, using recent survey data. Selectivity bias was corrected for in estimating wage offer and labor supply equations, using Heckman's procedure. Education, experience, infrastructure, distance to the capital, and population density, as well as interactions between education and infrastructure and between education and distance to the city, were found to be significantly related to the probability of nonfarm labor market participation, wages, and the amount of nonfarm labor performed, with significant differences by gender.