On Ricardo's Method: The Scottish Connection Considered
考察李嘉图的方法与苏格兰哲学家斯图尔特之间的联系，通过米勒和霍纳的纽带，质疑将李嘉图方法视为假说性的常见观点，强调抽象在其方法中的关键作用。
Historians of economic thought who try to connect Ricardo's method with a philosophy generally focus on associationism and pay no attention to Dugald Stewart's influence. In point of fact, Ricardo's method can be connected with Stewart's teaching through his connection with James Mill and Francis Horner. Moreover, the difference between practical and scientific knowledge which is, according Stewart, a difference in the use of abstraction, coincides with Ricardo's distinction between questions of facts and of principles. This connection, which appears in Ricardo's work, brings into question the common view of Ricardo's method as a hypothetical one and leads to consider the role of abstraction as a crucial one.