Representation, testing and policy implications of planning processes
提出表示规划过程应包含背景、过程和结果三类变量，并构建四种模型，利用公共部门规划数据检验发现过程与结果的联系是理解规划有效性的关键。
Abstract Various ways to represent planning processes to test and draw policy implications from them are presented. We argue that three kinds of variables should be included: context, process and outcome. Four different models which incorporate these three variables are proposed, and data from a large public sector planning study are fitted to these four models. The findings suggest that the process‐outcome link is the key to understanding the effectiveness of planning processes.