A Policy Preference Function for Government Intervention in the U.S. Wheat Market
估计了一个政策偏好函数，解释美国政府对小麦目标价格、库存和公共研究经费的选择，发现政府给予生产者福利25%-45%的溢价，而消费者福利相对预算支出被折价高达50%。
Abstract This paper estimates a policy preference function that explains the government's choices of target prices, government held wheat stocks, and public wheat research funding. The policy preference function depends on producers' surplus, consumers' surplus, and budget expenditures. An important innovation in this paper is the inclusion of interactions between public research expenditures and other public policy variables. Results indicate that the government places a premium of 25% to 45% on the welfare of wheat producers of relative to budget expenditures, while wheat consumers' welfare is discounted as much as 50% relative to budget expenditures.