Innovation in complex capital projects: clustering and dispersion in two cases from Argentina and the UK
通过阿根廷和英国两个长期工程项目的案例，探讨复杂资本项目中创新的集群与分散现象，指出传统集群概念基于大规模生产和稳定环境，而需求变化导致创新网络更加分散。
This paper examines the notion of clusters and clustering from the perspective of complex capital projects, drawing on two detailed case studies of long-term engineering projects. It suggests that conventional notions of clusters are often predicated on a high volume model of production and a stable environment for innovation. The case studies illustrate how the locus of innovation is shifting in response to changes in the nature of demand for major capital goods and the services associated with them. It is suggested this leads to greater dispersion in networks for innovation within complex capital projects.