INTERDEPENDENT BEHAVIOR WITH RELOCATION COSTS: THE COMPARATIVE STATICS OF SPATIAL HISTORY*
研究了搬迁成本作为沉没成本如何影响经济主体在空间上的均衡分布，发现初始位置和历史条件决定均衡，且郊区化在新企业进入时必然发生，为实证研究提供了可检验的假设。
ABSTRACT Relocation costs are a form of sunk costs because they are relevant to new entrants, not to agents at their existing locations. With sufficiently high relocation costs, initial (historically given) locations and other conditions determine the equilibrium assignment of agents to locations. Comparative static results depend on initial conditions, i.e., history matters and historical persistence can be characterized. The model suggests empirically‐relevant results which can be tested by collecting data on relocation and transportation costs. For example, appropriate levels of these costs imply that suburbanization always occurs with the entry of new firms. Sequential entry strategies may be adopted by existing firms which earn pure profits. This may be contrasted with traditional NUE models which predict changes in the boundaries of central zones.