An Integrated Model of Québec‐Ontario‐U.S. Northeast Softwood Lumber Markets
构建了魁北克、安大略和美国东北部三地云杉-松-冷杉软木木材的区际贸易模型，发现需求对价格敏感但受住宅建设影响小，出口税比立木费更能改变贸易流向。
Abstract We analyze an interregional softwood lumber trade model for the three main species (spruce, pine, and fir [SPF]) which are indigenous to Québec, Ontario, and the U.S. Northeast. Demand for SPF softwood lumber is price elastic in Ontario and the U.S. Northeast, but not in Québec. It is inelastic with respect to residential construction. Supply price elasticities are less than one. Policy instruments such as exchange rate, export taxes, Canadian federal sales tax, and cost of logs change exports and imports but with minor effects on prices. Export (import) duties are more effective in redirecting trade than is a stumpage fee applied by the provinces.