Household income dynamics: a four-country story
利用印度尼西亚、南非、西班牙和委内瑞拉的纵向数据，分析家庭人均收入变化，发现初始收入和户主工作变动是解释收入变化的最重要因素，且收入变化比家庭规模变化更重要，劳动收入变化比其他收入来源变化更重要。
In this article, we analyse the dynamics of household per capita incomes using longitudinal data from Indonesia, South Africa, Spain and Venezuela. We find that in all four countries reported initial income and job changes of the head are consistently the most important variables in accounting for income changes, overall and for initially poor households. We also find that changes in income are more important than changes in household size and that changes in labour earnings are more important than changes in other sources of household income.