Fools Breaking Out: The Role of Symbolic and Material Immunity in Explaining Institutional Nonconformity
研究了组织如何对主流逻辑的象征和物质载体变得不敏感，从而实施偏离逻辑；基于比利时园艺业的案例，提出象征免疫和物质免疫是预测企业偏离主导逻辑的关键因素。
In this article, we examine how organizations become less sensitive to the symbolic and material carriers of a prevailing logic and correspondingly enact a deviating logic. Using the highly institutionalized Belgian horticulture industry, we employ a multicase, inductive study of firms that vary in their responses to an emerging logic that diverges from institutionalized norms and practices of their organizational field. We introduce symbolic and material immunity as two essential and interacting attributes predicting firm-level deviation from a dominant logic and discuss factors that enable firms to possess these characteristics.