Schumpeter’s conceptions of process and order
审视熊彼特著作中的过程与秩序概念，通过三个近似角度分析其一致性，指出其秩序作为均衡的正统观念与其过程理论存在张力，导致回溯问题和虚假问题。
This article scrutinises the conceptions of process and order present in Schumpeter’s substantive writings. To facilitate a detailed understanding of his position, his work is examined from different angles, in three successive ‘approximations’. The coherence, or mismatch, of Schumpeter’s conceptions is subsequently discussed. The article argues that Schumpeter’s essay on social classes provides an ontologically grounded theory of process which is also a theory of reproduced order and that this theory does not fit well with Schumpeter’s alternative conception of order as equilibrium. His methodological commitment to an orthodox notion of order as equilibrium is shown to be the source of pervasive tensions in his writings, here classified as ‘retroductive problems’ and ‘spurious problems’.