Ethnic diversity, entrepreneurship and competitiveness in a global city
评估了族群和语言多样性是否可能成为城市或区域层面的竞争优势来源，基于文献提出七种潜在联系，重点考察多样性对创造力、移民网络和语言多样性的影响，并指出需要更多系统研究来验证这些联系。
The article assesses the proposition that ethnic and linguistic diversity is a potential source of competitive advantage at the city/regional level. Seven potential links between ethnic diversity and competitiveness are proposed on the basis of previous literature, although the article focuses on three: ethnic diversity as a source of creativity and innovation; the role of diaspora-based networks; and linguistic diversity, using a combination of secondary material and original case studies. The overall conclusion is that although a number of plausible hypothesized links between diversity and competitiveness are proposed, and evidence is presented to support them, further systematic research is required before the frequency of occurrence of such diversity/ competitiveness connections can be determined and their importance in economic development fully assessed.