The 1982 Union Wage Concessions: A Turning Point for Collective Bargaining?
认为1982年并非工会工资决定的转折点，尽管出现了工资冻结和削减，但仅涉及少数合同，且多年度期限和生活费调整原则得以保留。
Arguments that 1982 marked a turning point in union wage determination are overstated. While dramatic wage and other concessions were made during the 1982 collective-bargaining round—wage freezes were the most common type of concession, but absolute cuts were made in some wage levels—cuts and freezes touched only a small proportion of the contracts negotiated, and concession contracts themselves preserved the principles of multiyear duration and cost-of-living escalation. Some of the income security arrangements conceded by management in exchange for wage cuts or freezes will endure, and gain sharing could become a significant factor in wage determination if it is continued and becomes more widespread.