PRICISM v. STRUCTURALISM IN SUB‐SAHARAN AFRICAN AGRICULTURE
重新检验撒哈拉以南非洲农业数据，发现对农业的税收程度被高估，供给价格弹性低（0.2-0.4），而结构因素对产出的影响更大，建议公共投资于农村基础设施和技术。
A re‐examination of data frequently used to support the notion of price discrimination against agriculture in Sub‐Saharan Africa suggests that the extent of agricultural taxation has been overstated. In addition, a review of the evidence on the aggregate agricultural supply response to price indicates that elasticities are low, with the most plausible estimates lying in the range 0.2–0.4. Eight structural constraints explaining the poor supply response, to which Sub‐Saharan Africa is particularly prone, are identified. Further evidence is presented to show that output responds more significantly to structural factors than to price, and that investment in rural infrastructure will bring about an improved response to price. Capital constraints limit price‐induced private investment, so that public sector led investment in new technology and rural infrastructure would appear to be the single most important strategy for reversing the decline in African agriculture.