Evaluating the impact of agricultural extension on farms' performance in Crete: a nonneutral stochastic frontier approach
使用非中性生产前沿模型，研究农业推广服务如何影响希腊克里特岛农场的绩效，发现推广服务能同时缩小技术和管理差距，且公共与私人推广服务在提高效率上具有互补性。
Abstract This article attempts to integrate the production‐ and the efficiency‐based approaches for evaluating the impact of extension on farms' performance. For this purpose the nonneutral production frontier model is used, and the empirical analysis refers to a sample of farms from Crete, Greece. The empirical results support the proposed formulation instead of either the production‐ or the efficiency‐based formulations as extension was found to have a statistically significant effect on closing both the technology and management gaps. Public and private extension services were found to be competitive in the production function and complementary in the technical inefficiency effect function. In addition, farms using both public and private extension services achieved a higher degree of technical efficiency than those using either public or private extension services, and farms with no extension services were found to be the least efficient.