Learning from Errors: Cognition, Emotions and Safety Culture in the Italian Air Force
研究意大利空军中认知、情绪与安全文化如何相互作用影响从错误中学习的过程，发现错误常隐藏于习惯行为中，认知评估触发情绪，而安全文化为错误报告和知识共享提供支持。
Learning from errors is essential to ensuring organizational safety and improving levels of performance. We consider the interaction between cognition, emotions, and safety culture in the context of a field study on learning from errors in the Italian Air Force. We find that errors often stem from sequential action chains that are concealed in habitual behavior and that become visible only when unforeseen circumstances occur. Furthermore, cognitive appraisal of risky situations triggers emotions of variable intensity that, when rationalized retrospectively, promote the internalization of lessons learned. Finally, cognitive and emotional experiences of errors are grounded in the broader safety culture of an organization, which provides a supportive context for error reporting and encourages the sharing of information and knowledge about error experiences. The analysis further suggests that cognition, emotion, and safety culture interact through sensemaking processes that inform the construction of errors and affect learning outcomes.