Institutions of Higher Education as Multi-Product Firms: Economies of Scale and Scope
利用1981-82年美国高校数据估计多产出成本函数，发现公立和私立高校均存在范围经济，私立高校的射线规模经济更显著，而公立高校在研究与研究生教学上存在产品特定规模经济。
A multiple-output cost function is estimated for institutions of higher education in the United States, employing data for 1981-82. The authors flexible fixed cost quadratic function includes three outputs--undergraduate teaching, graduate teaching, and research grants--and one input price--average faculty salaries. Results indicate the existence of scope economies (at least up to a point) for both public and private institutions of higher education. Ray economies of scale are more pronounced in the private sector and product-specific economies of scale are observed only in the public sector for research and graduate teaching. Copyright 1989 by MIT Press.