Biological Consequences of Segregation and Economic Deprivation: A Post-Slavery Population from Southwest Arkansas
分析了阿肯色州Cedar Grove地区80具骨骼，发现高频率的骨骼病变表明该人群面临严重的营养缺乏和传染病压力，尤其是先天性梅毒导致高婴儿死亡率和人口下降。
Analysis of 80 skeletons from Cedar Grove, Arkansas, permits comparison of the skeletal data with historic accounts and interpretations of textual data. The high frequencies of skeletal lesions indicating dietary deficiencies and infectious disease demonstrates that this was a highly stressed population and that Cedar Grove participated in the historically documented nationwide decline of Afro-American health. The evidence is overwhelming that congenital syphilis was a major contributor to high infant mortality and population decline.