EMPLOYEE ATTITUDE SURVEYS IN A MULTINATIONAL ORGANIZATION: CONSIDERING LANGUAGE AND CULTURE IN ASSESSING MEASUREMENT EQUIVALENCE
研究了跨国员工意见调查在四个国家（美国、澳大利亚、墨西哥、西班牙）的跨文化等价性，发现仅在美国和澳大利亚样本中测量等价，并探讨了翻译问题等导致不等价的原因。
The cross‐cultural equivalence of a multinational employee opinion survey was examined using multiple‐groups covariance structure analysis to examine 4 scales in 4 countries. Cultural and linguistic influences were considered by assessing equivalence across 2 pairs of countries having the same language but different cultures (U.S. and Australia, Mexico and Spain) and across countries differing in culture and language (U.S. and Mexico). The measure was equivalent across U.S. and Australian samples only. Analyses indicated items that were the source of lack of invariance. One cause explored was translation problems. Practical issues in assessing measurement equivalence in employee opinion surveys are discussed.