Comparative Advantage and Government Budget Effects: An Application to the Grain Trade of the Former USSR
构建了一个模型分析比较优势、价格政策与政府预算的关系，并应用于前苏联谷物进口争论，发现减少谷物进口会意外降低政府收入，因为前苏联在谷物生产上具有比较劣势。
Abstract A model is developed for analyzing the relationship between trade according to comparative advantage, price policy, and government budget effects. The model is used to examine a debate in the USSR in its last years concerning the economic rationale of grain imports, one concern being government budgetary consequences. It appears that changing the mix of goods produced and traded such that grain imports would fall, which many Soviet economists advocated, would have unintentionally decreased state revenue. This is mainly because empirical evidence indicates that the former USSR had a comparative disadvantage in the production of grain.