The American Model of the Multinational Firm and the “New” Multinationals From Emerging Economies
分析了传统美国跨国公司模式与新兴经济体跨国公司国际化扩张的不同路径，探讨是否需要新理论解释后者的国际增长。
Executive Overview The traditional American model of multinational enterprise (MNE), characterized by foreign direct investment (FDI) aimed at exploiting firm-specific capabilities developed at home and a gradual country-by-country approach of internationalization, dominated the global economy during much of the post-World War II period. In the last two decades, however, new MNEs from emerging, upper-middle-income, or oil-rich countries have followed completely different patterns of international expansion. In this paper we analyze the processes through which these firms became MNEs and to what extent we need a new theory to explain their international growth.