Some Simple Analytics of Peak-Load Pricing
分析公共事业从统一定价转向高峰负荷定价的影响，发现固定资本回报率下高峰定价可能同时降低高峰和非高峰价格，且对产能的影响不确定，并给出判断个人损益的简单标准。
Author(s): Bergstrom, Ted; Mackie-Mason, Jeffrey K. | Abstract: Consider a public utility that offers its service at two different times. We study the effects of a change from uniform pricing throughout the day to peak-load pricing. We show that for a utility constrained to operate with a fixed rate of return on capital, the introduction of peak-load pricing can plausibly reduce the price of the service it both in peak and off-peak times. We also find that peak-load pricing can lead to either greater or smaller capacity than uniform pricing. We find a simple criterion for determining whether a particular individual gains or loses from peak-load pricing.