Can Test Preparation Help to Reduce the Black—White Test Performance Gap?
基于实地样本，研究了种族与备考的关系，发现非裔美国人比白人更常自主备考，且自主备考在种族与成绩关系中起中介作用，但马太效应在就业环境中未得到支持。
Using a field sample, the authors examined the extent to which race is related to test preparation and whether test preparation is related to test performance. They found that African Americans reported more self-initiated test preparation than Caucasians did and that tutorial attendance and self-initiated test preparation were related to test performance. Moreover, the authors found that only self-initiated test preparation mediated the race—performance relationship. Last, the hypothesis that the Matthew Effect (defined as the amplification of any initial advantage that leads to cumulative effects) would hold in an employment setting was not supported. The implications of test preparation are discussed.