The concept of professionalism and the management of salaried technical professionals: A cross‐national perspective
基于跨国概念框架，展示了不同国家关于专业主义的普遍信念如何影响技术和技术人员的管理实践，并以美国为例分析了其负面影响。
Abstract Based on a conceptual cross‐national framework, the authors demonstrate how differences in a nation's prevailing beliefs about professionalism can affect national practices in managing technology and technical professionals. In the United States, the notion of professionalism has led in some cases to vertical polarization within the firm, a lack of adequate technical training among managers, an overuse of operational control of professionals, an over‐emphasis on breakthrough technology, and a de‐emphasis on practical production technologies. The authors conclude that a balanced view of professionalism can enhance a nation's competitive position.