A Model for Understanding Managerial Jobs and Behavior
提出一个包含需求、约束和选择的模型，用于理解管理岗位的灵活性，并基于访谈和观察等研究方法，探讨其在组织中的应用及未来研究方向。
A model having implications for understanding managerial jobs and behavior was conceived in one study and developed and applied in three others. These used various research methods, primarily lengthy interviews and observation. The main categories of the model are demands, constraints, and choices, which identify the flexibility in a job. Applications for use in organizations are suggested. Future directions for research into managerial work and behavior are recommended.