Has ICT Polarized Skill Demand? Evidence from Eleven Countries over Twenty-Five Years
研究了信息通信技术（ICT）是否导致劳动力市场极化，即增加对高教育工人的需求、减少对中等教育工人的需求，而对低教育工人影响不大。基于1980-2004年美国、日本和九个欧洲国家的数据，发现ICT增长快的行业确实出现了这种极化现象，ICT解释了高教育工人需求增长的四分之一。
Abstract We test the hypothesis that information and communication technologies (ICT) polarize labor markets by increasing demand for the highly educated at the expense of the middle educated, with little effect on low-educated workers. Using data on the United States, Japan, and nine European countries from 1980 to 2004, we find that industries with faster ICT growth shifted demand from middle-educated workers to highly educated workers, consistent with ICT-based polarization. Trade openness is also associated with polarization, but this is not robust to controlling for R&D. Technologies account for up to a quarter of the growth in demand for highly educated workers.