THE WELFARE IMPLICATIONS OF NITROGEN LIMITATION POLICIES
通过模拟英国化肥市场，评估了氮税和配额政策对农民和化肥制造商的福利影响，发现农民在两种政策下均受损，而制造商在配额政策下短期获利，在氮税政策下利润下降。
The effects of nitrogen limitation policies on the UK fertiliser market are considered. Using a simulation model which incorporates some structural aspects of the UK fertiliser industry, the extent and distribution of the welfare effects of nitrogen tax and quota policies are estimated. The results show that, while farmers lose from both policies, the main fertiliser manufacturers may gain in the short run from a quota policy, while profits would be reduced with a nitrogen tax policy.