Free competition without sustainable development? Tanzanian cotton sector liberalisation, 1994/95 to 1997/98
基于1997/98年实地调查，分析坦桑尼亚棉花产业自由化后市场进入、竞争加剧，但生产者实际价格和产量未持续增长，农药使用下降导致质量下滑，引发对可持续性的质疑。
This article summarises the results of fieldwork carried out in 1997/8 season on post-liberalisation changes in the Tanzanian cotton sector. Developments in primary marketing, ginning and the export trade are reviewed on the basis of survey material. Market entry by private companies has been high, leading to considerable competition and slight increases in producers' share of the world price. But real producer price and cultivation increases have not been sustained. Following changes in the input supply system, insecticide use has fallen sharply, along with the quality and underlying international price of the cotton crop. Tanzania's place in the world market has been re-defined as a producer for a specific time-based 'market window'. This places a question mark over the sustainability of the sector's future, and by inference over policy reforms whose main emphasis is to increase competition.