Difficult Choices: Crossing the Picket Line during the 1987 National Football League Strike
分析1987年NFL罢工中球员是否穿越纠察线的决策，发现非白人球员在工会代表同为非白人时更不愿穿越，队友行为、预期职业生涯长度、当前收入需求和工会诉求收益也影响决策。
This study examines the difficult choice faced by members of a striking bargaining unit between withholding labor or crossing the picket line in violation of the prevailing behavioral norm. Using duration analysis, the authors test a model of crossing behavior using data on individual football players during the 1987 National Football League strike. A notable finding is that nonwhite players are less willing to cross the picket line if their team union representative is also nonwhite. Willingness to cross the line is also influenced by teammate crossing and proxies for expected career length, demand for current income, and expected benefits from union demands. Copyright 1994 by University of Chicago Press.