Bayesian Analysis of the Output Gap
利用菲利普斯曲线理论和商业周期研究的信息，通过贝叶斯方法估计产出缺口，扩展了Kuttner（1994）模型以考虑方差变化，并应用于美国和欧洲货币联盟。
Our objective is to build output gap estimates that benefit from information provided by Phillips curve theory and business cycle studies. For this we develop a Bayesian analysis of the bivariate Phillips-curve model proposed by Kuttner (1994) for estimating potential output. Given our priors, we obtain samples from parameters and state joint posterior distribution following a Gibbs sampling strategy. We sample the state given parameters using the Carter and Kohn (1994) procedure and we exploit a likelihood factorization to draw parameters given the state. A Metropolis-Hastings step is used to remove the conditioning on starting values. In order to accommodate the variance moderation that has been observed on US GDP, Kuttner's model is extended for a change in variance parameters. We apply this methodology to the analysis of output gap in the US and in the European Monetary Union (EMU). Finally, some important extensions to the original Kuttner's model are discussed.