Matrix Management: Contradictions and Insights
研究了三种矩阵结构（职能、平衡、项目矩阵）在产品开发中的使用率和有效性，发现项目矩阵被认为最有效，对改进绩效的企业有参考价值。
Does matrix management stifle or foster the development of new products? The arguments in favor of and against matrix consist primarily of anecdotal success or failure stories. The issue is further obscured by the failure to recognize that there are different types of matrix. Data on the usage and effectiveness of three matrix structures (functional, balanced, and project matrixes) were collected from 500 managers experienced in product development. The results indicate that matrix is still the dominant approach for completing development projects. However, while all three types of matrix have comparable usage rates, the project matrix is considered the most effective. Companies using matrix management should consider project matrix if they are trying to improve performance.