ALTERNATIVE WORK SCHEDULES: TWO FIELD QUASI‐EXPERIMENTS
通过两项准实验，研究了将传统5天40小时工作制改为4天40小时或弹性工作制对员工态度和组织效率的影响，发现工作安排变化的效果与员工事前预期一致，且对员工态度影响最大。
In the first ( N = 140) of two quasi‐experimental field studies, trial group employees were changed from a 5/40 to a 4/40 work schedule for four months then returned to a 5/40 schedule. In a second study ( N = 102), trial group employees were changed from 5/40 to flextime. Reactions were evaluated using a model for understanding the impact of work schedules. The effects of schedule changes matched those anticipated by pre‐intervention surveys of employees. Factors related to organizational effectiveness were enhanced where specific organizational needs were met. Interference with personal activities was reduced where employees had experienced specific difficulties. The most powerful effect, however, was on worker attitudes toward specific work schedules. In addition, a mild positive (perhaps Hawthorne) effect was evident for a wide range of general worker reactions.