Chernobyl's Subclinical Legacy: Prenatal Exposure to Radioactive Fallout and School Outcomes in Sweden
利用瑞典切尔诺贝利核事故放射性沉降物作为自然实验，发现产前暴露于较高辐射的学生中学成绩更差，尤其是数学，且对低教育家庭子女影响更大，但未发现健康损害。
We use prenatal exposure to Chernobyl fallout in Sweden as a natural experiment inducing variation in cognitive ability. Students born in regions of Sweden with higher fallout performed worse in secondary school, in mathematics in particular. Damage is accentuated within families (i.e., siblings comparison) and among children born to parents with low education. In contrast, we detect no corresponding damage to health outcomes. To the extent that parents responded to the cognitive endowment, we infer that parental investments reinforced the initial Chernobyl damage. From a public health perspective, our findings suggest that cognitive ability is compromised at radiation doses currently considered harmless. (c) 2009 by the President and Fellows of Harvard College and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology..