Long-Run Health Impacts of Income Shocks: Wine and Phylloxera in Nineteenth-Century France
利用19世纪法国根瘤蚜疫情摧毁40%葡萄园这一外生冲击，研究发现受影响地区出生的孩子成年后身高矮约1.8毫米，但对寿命等其他健康指标无显著影响。
Between 1863 and 1890, phylloxera destroyed 40% of French vineyards. Using the regional variation in the timing of this shock, we identify and examine the effects on adult height, health, and life expectancy of children born in the years and regions affected by the phylloxera. The shock decreased long-run height, but it did not affect other dimensions of health, including life expectancy. We find that those born in affected regions were about 1.8 millimeters shorter than others at age 20, a significant effect since average heights grew by only 2 centimeters in the entire nineteenth century. (c) 2010 The President and Fellows of Harvard College and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology.