The Height and Weight of West Point Cadets: Dietary Change in Antebellum America
通过分析美国内战前西点军校学员的身高体重数据，发现营养状况普遍下降，农民和蓝领工人受影响最大，原因是肉类产出增长落后于人口增长，而农业生产率提升不足以弥补供需失衡。
A decline in nutritional status is inferred from data on the height and weight of West Point cadets in the antebellum period. The decline was geographically widespread and affected farmers and blue-collar workers the most; middle-class cadets did not experience a decline in nutritional status until the Civil War. Nutritional status declined because meat output did not keep pace with population growth. Urbanization and the expansion of the industrial labor force increased the demand for food. However, the agricultural labor force grew at a slower pace, and productivity growth in food production was insufficient to redress the imbalance.