Competitive strategies of religious organizations
结合战略管理、社会学和经济学视角，分析宗教组织的生产、竞争与组织特点，探讨其可持续竞争优势的来源，并研究政治策略和战略联盟如何影响宗教竞争。
Abstract In recent years, sociologists and economists have given increased attention to studying religious organizations. Their writings raise unresolved issues related to topics within strategic management. This study brings theoretical perspectives from strategic management together with those of sociology and economics to understand the organizational and competitive aspects of religion. The initial portion of this article examines the nature of religious production, competition, and organization. Subsequent sections elaborate specific strategic management issues arising in religious organizations. Resource‐based and institutional perspectives provide a foundation for analyzing the sources of sustainable competitive advantage among religious organizations. The latter portion of this article shifts to the industry level of analysis and examines the roles of political strategies and strategic alliances in shaping religious competition. This theoretical discussion generates testable propositions regarding the competitive strategies of religious organizations and opens opportunities for future research. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.