Orchestrating Impartiality: The Impact of “Blind” Auditions on Female Musicians
利用交响乐团采用盲试镜（隐藏候选人身份）的自然实验，发现这一做法提高了女性被录取的概率，促进了招聘公正。
A change in the audition procedures of symphony orchestras—adoption of “blind” auditions with a “screen” to conceal the candidate's identity from the jury—provides a test for sex-biased hiring. Using data from actual auditions, in an individual fixed-effects framework, we find that the screen increases the probability a woman will be advanced and hired. Although some of our estimates have large standard errors and there is one persistent effect in the opposite direction, the weight of the evidence suggests that the blind audition procedure fostered impartiality in hiring and increased the proportion women in symphony orchestras.