E-Enabled Closed-Loop Supply Chains
从流程、客户和产品三个角度审视闭环供应链，提出利用信息技术减少不确定性的框架，帮助管理者系统地将数据转化为管理信息。
Information and Communication Technology can help companies realize new innovative business opportunities in the area of closed-loop supply chains. This article examines closed-loop supply chains from three perspectives: processes, customers, and products. Exploiting the possibilities of closed-loop supply chains involves handling uncertainties by providing adequate information. Information on recovery options for a product, product preferences of the customer, and the state of the product can be used to reduce uncertainty. Data that is retrieved from the closed-loop supply chain by new technologies can be transformed into management information in a systematic way. This article presents a framework to address uncertainty reduction strategies.