Employee affective and behavioral reactions to the spatial density of physical work environments
对一家医疗诊所的实地研究发现，高空间密度工作区的员工感知到更拥挤、满意度更低、更想调岗且更易迟到，且高工作负荷和需身体移动时，空间密度的影响减弱。
This field study of a medical clinic found that employees in spatially dense work areas (i.e., those with little space available per person) experienced higher levels of perceived crowding, transfer intentions, and tardiness, as well as lower work area satisfaction, than employees in low-density areas. Crowding perceptions explained the relations between spatial density and the measures of work area satisfaction and tardiness. Finally, when employees had high workloads and their jobs required physical movement, spatial density had weaker relations to crowding perceptions and area satisfaction than in other conditions. Implications of these findings for human resource practitioners are discussed. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.