Outward Foreign Direct Investment, Exporting and Firm-Level Performance in Sub-Saharan Africa
利用非洲制造业和服务业企业调查数据，发现制造业中对外直接投资企业生产率最高，出口企业次之，国内企业最低；服务业中出口与对外直接投资企业生产率无显著差异。
We consider the relationship between how a firm serves foreign markets and performance, using survey data on manufacturing and services firms for African countries. Results for manufacturing industries indicate a clear productivity ordering with firms undertaking outward Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) performing best, followed by exporters and domestically oriented firms. Results for services firms are more nuanced, indicating that while exporters and firms undertaking outward FDI are more productive than domestically oriented firms, there is no significant difference in productivity between these two types of firms (some evidence suggests that the productivity of exporters is larger than that for firms undertaking outward FDI).