Survivorship Bias in Performance Studies
指出基于时间序列的绩效研究几乎都受幸存者偏差影响，扭曲了绝对绩效和经理相对排名，提醒研究者识别并调整该偏差。
Survivorship bias distorts results of virtually all current performance studies based on time series. Thus, researchers need to recognize and adjust for the presence of this bias. Not only does the bias affect the absolute performance measures; it also affects the relative rankings of managers over time.This presentation comes from the Blending Quantitative and Traditional Equity Analysis conference held in Boston, Massachusetts, on March 30-31, 1994.