Measuring Self-Control Problems
开发了一套问卷工具来测量高学历成年人的自我控制问题，发现该测量与财富积累和人格测量符合理论预期，但存在一个显著群体因自我控制而过度储蓄，且自我控制问题随年龄增长而减弱。
We develop a survey instrument to measure self-control problems in a sample of highly educated adults. This measure relates in the manner that theory predicts to liquid wealth accumulation and personality measures. Yet while self-control problems are typically seen as resulting in overconsumption and low wealth, we identify a significant group who underconsume and thereby accumulate high levels of wealth. In addition, self-control problems are smaller in scale for older than for younger respondents. Those who put money aside in retirement accounts may be delaying access to a point at which self-control problems are no longer important.