A Single Value Function for Evaluating Organizations with Multiple Constituencies
提出一种基于组织结果之间关系的单一社会价值函数来评估组织有效性，无需依赖利益相关方的偏好，为独立评估组织绩效提供了新方法。
A unique social value function of organizational effectiveness is logically possible if the evaluation of outcomes is based not on the preferences of constituents but, instead, on the relationship among organizational outcomes. The implication is that the values of outcomes are determined by the interstructuring of human actions over time. This result is theoretically important. It implies that constituent preferences are not necessary for evaluating the outcomes of organizations. It thus is possible to assess organizational effectiveness independently, for comparison with assessments based on preferences.