Intellectual property rights and developing country agriculture
理论研究表明，加强发展中国家自身的知识产权可能改善或损害其福利；农业部门净收益取决于新创新的回报差异，而现有证据显示知识产权对农业研发有影响，但发达国家技术也提供了搭便车收益。
Theoretical studies indicate that the welfare of the developing countries might either be improved or damaged by the strengthening of their own intellectual property rights. Net gains through their agricultural sectors will be positive if the payoff from new innovations is sufficiently different as compared to the technology-exporting countries. Scattered evidence supports the hypotheses that agricultural R&D is responsive to IPRs in developing countries, but there is also evidence that developed-country technology is sufficiently appropriate for developing countries as to offer substantial free-rider gains. However, without IPRs it seems unlikely that the agricultural productivity rates in developing countries can begin to catch up with those in developed country agriculture. ©1999 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.