Does School Choice Lead to Sorting? Evidence from Tiebout Variation
利用都市区内小学与中学学区数量差异，研究学区选择是否导致学生分层，发现学区增加影响同伴群体并降低私立学校入学率。
A question commonly raised about school choice is whether it would result in sorting or stratification. Previous research has asked this with respect to inter-district or Tiebout choice, but has generated no consensus in part because areas’ district concentrations may be endogenous. This paper addresses this by exploiting the fact that some metropolitan areas (MAs) have different numbers of districts operating at the primary and the secondary level. The resulting within-MA, between-educational level variation in district concentration suggests that increases in district availability do affect children’s district and school level peer groups, and that they lower private enrollment.