Sexual Prejudice and Labor Market Outcomes for Gays and Lesbians: Evidence from Sweden
利用1999年瑞典全国性态度调查与2007年登记数据，发现对同性恋者的偏见会降低男同性恋者的就业率和收入，对女同性恋者就业也有负面影响，但收入关系不明确。
This paper presents results from a study of sexual prejudice and differentials in labor market outcomes due to sexual orientation. It uses data from a nationwide Swedish survey on public attitudes toward homosexuals, conducted in 1999, and combines them with register data for 2007, which include information about sexual orientation, employment status, and yearly earnings for the total population in Sweden. It finds that prejudice against homosexuals negatively affects the relative employment and relative earnings of gay men. Lesbians are affected negatively by prejudice against homosexuals in terms of employment, but the relationship is less clear in regard to earnings. Discrimination against homosexuals, as well as social norms, occupational sorting and self-selection in, geographic mobility are presented as explanations for the results.