System Building at the Margin: The Problem of Public Choice in the Telephone Industry
研究了美国电话行业形成单一标准化网络的原因，发现AT&T通过竞争与妥协策略主导了行业，而州监管者因缺乏知识和权威最终支持了AT&T的立场。
This article considers whether natural monopoly conditions or AT'T's market power was responsible for the formation of a single, standardized network in the United States telephone industry. It shows that AT&T was able to move the industry towards a single system under its management through a strategy of competition and compromise with competitors. The article also examines the impact of AT's actions on state regulators, concluding that public officials, lacking necessary knowledge and authority to set policy, ended up supporting AT's position in the industry.