Organizing for innovation over an industry cycle
提出，在行业演化过程中，公司内部潜在创新者与组织主流之间会形成创新差距，并预测四种常见创新组织模式各自最适合行业演化的哪个阶段，用案例和调查数据初步验证。
Abstract The basic hypothesis in this paper is that a gap tends to develop over an industry's evolution between potential innovators in a company and the organizational mainstream. The innovative gap is a function of the type of innovation needed for longer‐run survival and the disposition of the mainstream organization towards innovation. This hypothesis is used to predict which of four popular organizations for innovation is most suited to each stage of an idealized industry's evolution. The predicted organization set is discussed in terms of well‐known cases, and tested in an exploratory manner using executive survey data.