The political economy of gender disparity in musical markets
从经济学视角分析女性在音乐产业中的就业和创作产出差距，发现早期音乐资本投资中的无意识歧视是导致女性表现受限的关键因素。
This paper examines the role and functioning of women within the music industry from a broadly economic perspective which starts from standard notions of biological differences and theories of discrimination. Disparities in employment as a musician and output as a composer are considered. It is clear that female representation deviates considerably from parity. While conscious discrimination at the point of trade seems not to be a large factor in this, unconscious discrimination in early musical capital investment sets in motion a chain of events which limit female performance in musical markets. Copyright 2003, Oxford University Press.