VALUING NON‐MARKET GOODS USING CONTINGENT VALUATION
讨论条件估值法在评估非市场交易环境商品时面临的主要问题，包括偏差、支付意愿与补偿需求差异、加总方法、问题格式选择及非使用价值，并报告比较研究的证据和该方法的最佳适用条件。
Abstract. Contingent valuation is a technique being developed by economists for the valuation of environmental commodities not traded in markets. This paper discusses the major problem areas associated with this method of value estimation. These comprise bias (strategic, hypothetical and design biases); the discrepancy between willingness‐to‐pay and compensation demanded; the aggregation procedure; the choice of question format; and non‐use values. Some evidence from comparative studies is reported, and comments made on the accuracy of contingent valuation answers, Finally, the conditions under which contingent valuation seems to operate best are set out.